One theory is that it's an autoimmune reaction attacking the body's glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) protein.

一种理论认为这是一种攻击人体谷氨酸脱酶（GAD）蛋的自身免疫反应。

And, if the glutamic acid residues of gla-containing proteins are not carboxylated, calcium cannot be properly bound.

如果含谷氨酸残基蛋有被化，能被绑定。

Almost always, the sickle cell mutation is a non-conservative missense mutation that results in the sixth amino acid of beta-globin being valine instead of glutamic acid.

镰状细胞突变几乎总是由于非保守区错义突变，导致β-珠蛋的第6个氨基酸为缬氨酸，而非谷氨酸。

Aldolase A is made of 350 amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, but the bit that does the work consists of only three of these: lysine, glutamic acid and tyrosine. The rest of the enzyme is packaging.

醛缩酶A由350种氨基酸组成，这些氨基酸是蛋质的组成成分，但起作用的部分只有三个：赖氨酸、谷氨酸和酪氨酸。剩下的酶是包装的。